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spp., foodborne pathogens threatening neonates and infants

Qiming CHEN, Yang ZHU, Zhen QIN, Yongjun QIU, Liming ZHAO

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第3期   页码 330-339 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018208

摘要：

Cronobacter spp. (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) are special foodborne pathogens. Cronobacter infection can cause necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis and meningitis in all age groups, especially neonates and infants, with a high fatality of up to 80%, although the infection is rare. Outbreaks of Cronobacter infection are epidemiologically proven to be associated with contaminated powdered infant formula (PIF). Cronobacter spp. can resist dry environments and survive for a long period in food with low water activity. Therefore, Cronobacter spp. have become serious pathogens of neonates and infants, as well as in the dairy industry. In this review, we present the taxonomy, pathogenesis, resistance, detection and control of Cronobacter spp.

关键词： Cronobacter spp.     desiccation resistance     pathogen control     pathogen detection     powdered infant formula    

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Ammonia removal from low-strength municipal wastewater by powdered resin combined with simultaneous recovery

Kuo Fang, Fei Peng, Hui Gong, Huanzhen Zhang, Kaijun Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1300-7

摘要： Abstract • Powdered resin was employed for ammonia recovery from municipal wastewater. • Powdered resin achievedefficient ammonia removal under various working conditions. • Co-existing cations indicated competitive adsorption of ammonia. • Ammonia was recoveredby two-stage crystallization coupled with ion exchange. Low-strength municipal wastewater is considered to be a recoverable nutrient resource with economic and environmental benefits. Thus, various technologies for nutrient removal and recovery have been developed. In this paper, powdered ion exchange resin was employed for ammonia removal and recovery from imitated low-strength municipal wastewater. The effects of various working conditions (powdered resin dosage, initial concentration, and pH value) were studied in batch experiments to investigate the feasibility of the approach and to achieve performance optimization. The maximum adsorption capacity determined by the Langmuir model was 44.39 mg/g, which is comparable to traditional ion exchange resin. Further, the effects of co-existing cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+) were studied. Based on the above experiments, recovery of ammonia as struvite was successfully achieved by a proposed two-stage crystallization process coupled with a powdered resin ion exchange process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) results revealed that struvite crystals were successfully gained in alkaline conditions (pH= 10). This research demonstrates that a powdered resin and two-stage crystallization process provide an innovative and promising means for highly efficient and easy recovery from low-strength municipal wastewater.

关键词： Ammonia removal and recovery     Powdered resin     Crystallization process     Struvite     Co-existing cations    

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Removal of phenol by powdered activated carbon adsorption

Yan MA, Naiyun GAO, Wenhai CHU, Cong LI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 158-165 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0479-7

摘要： In this study, the adsorption performance of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on phenol was investigated in aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption studies were performed to evaluate the effects of various experimental parameters like PAC type, PAC dose, initial solution pH, temperature and pre-oxidation on the adsorption of phenol by PAC and establish the adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and isothermal models. The results indicated that PAC adsorption is an effective method to remove phenol from water, and the effects of all the five factors on adsorption of phenol were significant. The adsorption rate of phenol by PAC was rapid, and more than 80% phenol could be absorbed by PAC within the initial 10 min. The adsorption process can be well described by pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model with rate constant amounted to 0.0313, 0.0305 and 0.0241 mg·μg ·min with coal, coconut shell and bamboo charcoal. The equilibrium data of phenol absorbed onto PAC were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin adsorption isotherms and Freundlich adsorption isotherm model gave the best correlation with the experimental data. Thermodynamic parameters such as the standard Gibbs free energy (? ), enthalpy (? ) and entropy (? ) obtained in this study indicated that the adsorption of phenol by PAC is spontaneous, exothermic and entropy decreasing.

关键词： phenol     powdered activated carbon     adsorption     kinetics     isotherms    

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Optimization of process parameters for preparation of powdered activated coke to achieve maximum SO

Binxuan ZHOU, Tao WANG, Tianming XU, Cheng LI, Yuan ZHAO, Jiapeng FU, Zhen ZHANG, Zhanlong SONG, Chunyuan MA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 159-169 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0719-7

摘要： Powdered activated coke (PAC) is a good adsorbent of SO , but its adsorption capacity is affected by many factors in the preparation process. To prepare the PAC with a high SO adsorption capacity using JJ-coal under flue gas atmosphere, six parameters (oxygen-coal equivalent ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time, O concentration, CO concentration, and H O concentration) were screened and optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). The results of factor screening experiment show that reaction temperature, O concentration, and H O (g) concentration are the significant factors. Then, a quadratic polynomial regression model between the significant factors and SO adsorption capacity was established using the central composite design (CCD). The model optimization results indicate that when reaction temperature is 904.74°C, O concentration is 4.67%, H O concentration is 27.98%, the PAC (PAC-OP) prepared had a higher SO adsorption capacity of 68.15 mg/g while its SO adsorption capacity from a validation experiment is 68.82 mg/g, and the error with the optimal value is 0.98%. Compared to two typical commercial activated cokes (ACs), PAC-OP has relatively more developed pore structures, and its and are 349 m /g and 0.1475 cm /g, significantly higher than the 186 m /g and 0.1041 cm /g of AC1, and the 132 m /g and 0.0768 cm /g of AC2. Besides, it also has abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, its surface O content being 12.09%, higher than the 10.42% of AC1 and 10.49% of AC2. Inevitably, the SO adsorption capacity of PAC-OP is also significantly higher than that of both AC1 and AC2, which is 68.82 mg/g versus 32.53 mg/g and 24.79 mg/g, respectively.

关键词： powdered activated coke (PAC)     SO2 adsorption capacity     parameters optimization     response surface methodology    

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Treatment of infant postrenal acute renal failure following obstruction due to upper urinary calculi

Hui-Xia ZHOU MD, Zhi-Chun FENG MD, Hao MENG MD, Xiao-Guang ZHOU MD, Shuang LI BM, Jun WANG MM, Shi-Xi DAI BM,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 127-130 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0009-6

摘要： The surgical emergency treatments and curative effects of postrenal acute renal failure following obstruction due to upper urinary calculi in infants were evaluated. Of the 13 infants with postrenal acute renal failure following obstruction due to upper urinary calculi, 11 received retrograded catheterizations of the ureter with semi-rigid ureteroscopy (F 6.8), and two received open ureterolithotomy. The results showed that only one infant had anuresis and continuous reduction of hemoglobin 5h after the open ureterolithotomy and received exploration via excision and peritoneal dialysis, and the remaining 12 patients well recovered in this group. The renal function of all the patients was restored without postoperative complications. It is concluded that the retrograded catheterization of the ureter with ureteroscopy is a minimally invasive, safe and effective therapy for postrenal acute renal failure following obstruction due to upper urinary calculi in infants. For those infants whose urethras are thin and small, the open ureterolithotomy is a suitable method. But patients with bleeding tendency need to be corrected prior to the open ureterotomy to remove obstructions.

关键词： infant     acute renal failure     postrenal     ureteroscopy    

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连轧张力公式的实验验证和分析

张进之,赵厚信,王喆,王保罗

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第4期   页码 73-77

摘要：

连轧张力公式是连轧理论和实践的核心问题，该问题国内外都有大量的研究，20世纪60年代笔者推导了连轧张力微分方程、多机架动态张力公式、稳态张力公式，理论上已作过深入、广泛的分析讨论。日本在20世纪70年代对连轧张力公式进行了理论上的推导和实验验证，特别是浅川基男等人的连轧实验结果更为重要。为此引用了浅川基男的实验数据和宝钢2 050 mm热连轧机上的实测数据，验证了连轧张力公式。

关键词： 连轧张力公式     实验验证     解析解     定常性    

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Significant enhancement in catalytic ozonationefficacy: From granular to super-fine powdered activated

Tianyi Chen, Wancong Gu, Gen Li, Qiuying Wang, Peng Liang, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Xia Huang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1022-2

摘要： In this study, super-fine powdered activated carbon (SPAC) hasbeen proposed and investigated as a novel catalyst for the catalyticozonation of oxalate for the first time. SPAC was prepared from commercialgranular activated carbon (GAC) by ball milling. SPAC exhibited highexternal surface area with a far greater member of meso- and macropores(563% increase in volume). The catalytic performances of activatedcarbons (ACs) of 8 sizes were compared and the rate constant for pseudofirst-order total organic carbon removal increased from 0.012 min to 0.568 min (47-fold increase) withthe decrease in size of AC from 20 to 40 mesh (863 mm) to SPAC (~1.0 mm). Furthermore, the diffusion resistance of SPAC decreased17-fold compared with GAC. The ratio of oxalate degradation by surfacereaction increased by 57%. The rate of transformationof ozone to radicals by SPAC was 330 times that of GAC. The resultssuggest that a series of changes stimulated by ball milling, includinga larger ratio of external surface area, less diffusion resistance,significant surface reaction and potential oxidized surface all contributedto enhancing catalytic ozonation performance. This study demonstratedthat SPAC is a simple and effective catalyst for enhancing catalyticozonation efficacy.

关键词： Super-fine activated carbon     Catalytic ozonation     External surface area     Surface reaction     Hydroxyl radical    

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以土体应力状态计算边坡安全系数的方法

王国体

《中国工程科学》 2006年 第8卷 第12期   页码 80-84

摘要：

土坡的稳定分析一直是沿着条分法的思路发展的。由于对土体应力状态条件的忽视和条分法本身的缺陷，使得条分法得到的安全系数在工程中的应用面临激烈的挑战。土体不同条件下的应力状态表现为K0效应和变化，它对坡体的安全度影响不可忽视。笔者以考虑土体应力状态为条件，应用土的库伦强度定律和摩尔-库伦准则，推导出平面土坡的安全系数计算公式，与条分法的安全系数对比结果说明这种方法具有概念明确、计算简便、定性可靠的重要特点，可以直接提供于工程应用和参考。

关键词： 侧应力系数K0     初始应力状态     稳定安全系数公式    

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Lingguizhugan Decoction, a Chinese herbal formula, improves insulin resistance in overweight/obese subjects

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 745-759 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0880-3

摘要： Lingguizhugan Decoction (LGZG) has been investigated in basic studies, with satisfactory effects on insulin resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This translational approach aimed to explore the effect and underlying mechanism of LGZG in clinical setting. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was performed. A total of 243 eligible participants with NAFLD were equally allocated to receive LGZG (two groups: standard dose and low dose) or placebo for 12 weeks on the basis of lifestyle modifications. The primary efficacy variable was homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Analyses were performed in two populations in accordance with body mass index (BMI; overweight/obese, BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2; lean, BMI < 24 kg/m 2). For overweight/obese participants, low-dose LGZG significantly decreased their HOMA-IR level compared with placebo (−0.19 (1.47) versus 0.08 (1.99),P = 0.038). For lean subjects, neither dose of LGZG showed a superior effect compared with placebo. Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing and real-time qPCR found that the DNA N6-methyladenine modification levels of protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3A (PPP1R3A) and autophagy related 3 (ATG3) significantly increased after LGZG intervention in overweight/obese population. Low-dose LGZG effectively improved insulin resistance in overweight/obese subjects with NAFLD. The underlying mechanism may be related to the regulation of DNA N6-methyladenine modification of PPP1R3A and ATG3. Lean subjects may not be a targeted population for LGZG.

关键词： insulin resistance     non-alcoholic fatty liver disease     Chinese herbal medicine     randomized controlled trial     DNA N6-methyladenine modification    

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Iteration framework for solving mixed lubrication computation problems

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第16卷 第3期   页码 635-648 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0632-8

摘要： The general discrete scheme of time-varying Reynolds equation loses the information of the previous step, which makes it unreasonable. A discretization formula of the Reynolds equation, which is based on the Crank–Nicolson method, is proposed considering the physical message of the previous step. Gauss–Seidel relaxation and distribution relaxation are adopted for the linear operators of pressure during the numerical solution procedure. In addition to the convergent criteria of pressure distribution and load, an estimation framework is developed to investigate the relative error of the most important term in the Reynolds equation. Smooth surface with full contacts and mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication is tested for validation. The asperity contact and sinusoidal wavy surface are examined by the proposed discrete scheme. Results show the precipitous decline in the boundary of the contact area. The relative error suggests that the pressure distribution is reliable and reflects the accuracy and effectiveness of the developed method.

关键词： mixed lubrication     discretization formula     relative error     Reynolds equation     asperity    

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水电站叠梁门多层取水下泄水温公式

高学平,陈弘,宋慧芳

《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第12期   页码 63-67

摘要：

对于温度成层型水库，水电站进水口分层取水方式通常被采用，目的是有选择地取用水库的不同层水体，减免下泄低温水对下游河流环境的负面影响。目前缺乏简单实用的分层取水下泄水温的预测公式。笔者针对糯扎渡水电站工程，试验模拟水库水温分布，量测下泄水温；依据大量的试验数据，建立下泄水温预测公式；所提出的公式得到了锦屏一级电站下泄水温试验数据的验证。

关键词： 温度成层型水库     水电站进水口     叠梁门     下泄水温公式     模型试验    

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Comparison in executive function in Chinese preterm and full-term infants at eight months

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第2期   页码 164-173 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0540-9

摘要：

Executive function (EF) is increasingly recognized as being responsible for adverse developmental outcomes in preterm-born infants. Several perinatal factors may lead to poor EF development in infancy, and the deficits in EF can be identified in infants as young as eight months. A prospective cohort study was designed to study the EF in Chinese preterm infants and examine the relationship between EF in preterm infants and maternal factors during perinatal period. A total of 88 preterm infants and 88 full-term infants were followed from birth to eight months (corrected age). Cup Task and Planning Test was applied to assess the EF of infants, and the Bayley Scale of Infant Development (BSID-III) was used to evaluate cognitive (MDI) and motor abilities (PDI) of infants. In comparison with full-term infants, the preterm infants performed more poorly on all measures of EF including working memory, inhibition to prepotent responses, inhibition to distraction, and planning, and the differences remained after controlling the MDI and PDI. Anemia and selenium deficiency in mothers during pregnancy contributed to the differences in EF performance. However, maternal depression, hypertension, and diabetes during pregnancy were not related to the EF deficits in preterm infants. Future research should focus on the prevention of anemia and selenium deficiency during pregnancy and whether supplementing selenium in mothers during pregnancy can prevent further deterioration and the development of adverse outcomes of their offspring.

关键词： executive function (EF)     preterm infant     working memory     inhibition to prepotent response     inhibition to distraction     planning    

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Recovery of NH

Yang ZHANG,Zifu LI,Ibrahim B MAHMOOD

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第6期   页码 825-834 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0682-9

摘要： ion, a main pollutant in aquatic systems, not only causes eutrophication in rivers and lakes but also contributes to fish toxicity. In this study, an eco-friendly biosorbent was prepared from the pyrolysis of corn cob, a low-cost agricultural residue. The biochars produced by pyrolysis of corn cob at 400°C and 600°C were characterized and investigated as adsorbents for from an aqueous solution. The biochars were characterized through elemental analysis, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller–N surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the adsorption process of the corn cob biochars. The Freundlich isotherm model fitted the adsorption process better than the Langmuir and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. Moreover, the adsorption process was well described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Results of thermodynamic analysis suggested that adsorption was a nonspontaneous exothermic process. Biochars produced at 400°C had higher adsorption capacity than those produced at 600°C because of the presence of polar functional groups with higher acidity. The exhausted biochar can be potentially used as soil conditioner, which can provide 6.37 kg (N fertilizer per ton of biochar).

关键词： corn cob     biochar     isotherm model     kinetic model        

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基于转录组学及多尺度生物测定多模态鉴定宣肺败毒方抑制巨噬细胞免疫反应的活性成分 Article

赵璐, 刘豪, 王迎超, 王书芳, 荀得金, 王毅, 程翼宇, 张伯礼

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第20卷 第1期   页码 63-76 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.09.007

摘要：

宣肺败毒方（XFBD）是一种临床用于治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）病患的中药方剂，在临床实践中表现出了显著的疗效，但对其潜在的药理学机制尚不清楚。本研究结合网络药理学、转录组学和多模型系统生物测定等综合研究方法，研究了XFBD生物活性物质及其药理作用机制。通过高分辨质谱与分子网络相结合，对XFBD中的主要活性物质进行了分析，共鉴定或初步鉴定了104种化合物，包括黄酮类、萜类、羧酸类和其他类型的成分。基于所鉴定的XFBD化学组分，开展了网络药理学分析并将炎症相关通路确定为主要靶点。在脂多糖诱导的急性炎症小鼠模型中，XFBD明显减轻了肺部炎症，降低了血清促炎细胞因子水平。转录组学分析表明，经XFBD治疗后，与巨噬细胞功能相关的基因表达水平发生改变。在巨噬细胞细胞系和斑马鱼创伤模型中，XFBD对巨噬细胞的激活和迁移均有很强的抑制作用。最终，通过多模型系统筛选，发现XFBD中虎杖、芦根、化橘红显著下调巨噬细胞活化，虎杖苷、异甘草苷、毛蕊花糖苷为活性化合物；青蒿和麻黄显著抑制内源性巨噬细胞迁移，麻黄碱、白术内酯和山奈酚为活性化合物。综上所述，本研究通过多模态方法研究了XFBD调节炎症的活性成分以及相关药理学机制，从而为XFBD的临床疗效提供了生物学例证。

关键词： 炎症     巨噬细胞活化     巨噬细胞迁移     多模态鉴定     宣肺败毒方    

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Association of maternal depression with dietary intake, growth, and development of preterm infants: a cohort study in Beijing, China

Han Wang, Hong Zhou, Yan Zhang, Yan Wang, Jing Sun

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第5期   页码 533-541 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0591-y

摘要：

This study aimed to explore the association of maternal depression with nutrient intake, growth, and development of preterm infants. A cohort study of 201 infants was conducted in Beijing. Based on the gestational age of an infant and status of the mother, the infants were divided into four groups: non-depression-fullterm (64), non-depression-preterm (70), depression-fullterm (36), and depression-preterm (31). Data on sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional intake, growth, and developmental status of children at 8 months (corrected ages) were collected using a quantitative questionnaire, a 24-Hour Dietary Recall, anthropometric measurements, and the Bayley-III scale. A multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the effects of maternal depression and preterm birth on infant growth and development. The energy, protein, and carbohydrate intake in the depression group was lower than the recommended amounts. The depression preterm groups indicated the lowest Z-scores for length and weight and the lowest Bayley-III scores. Preterm infants of depressed mothers are at high risks of poor growth and development delay.

关键词： maternal depression     preterm     infant     nutrition     growth     development    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

spp., foodborne pathogens threatening neonates and infants

Qiming CHEN, Yang ZHU, Zhen QIN, Yongjun QIU, Liming ZHAO

期刊论文

Ammonia removal from low-strength municipal wastewater by powdered resin combined with simultaneous recovery

Kuo Fang, Fei Peng, Hui Gong, Huanzhen Zhang, Kaijun Wang

期刊论文

Removal of phenol by powdered activated carbon adsorption

Yan MA, Naiyun GAO, Wenhai CHU, Cong LI

期刊论文

Optimization of process parameters for preparation of powdered activated coke to achieve maximum SO

Binxuan ZHOU, Tao WANG, Tianming XU, Cheng LI, Yuan ZHAO, Jiapeng FU, Zhen ZHANG, Zhanlong SONG, Chunyuan MA

期刊论文

Treatment of infant postrenal acute renal failure following obstruction due to upper urinary calculi

Hui-Xia ZHOU MD, Zhi-Chun FENG MD, Hao MENG MD, Xiao-Guang ZHOU MD, Shuang LI BM, Jun WANG MM, Shi-Xi DAI BM,

期刊论文

连轧张力公式的实验验证和分析

张进之,赵厚信,王喆,王保罗

期刊论文

Significant enhancement in catalytic ozonationefficacy: From granular to super-fine powdered activated

Tianyi Chen, Wancong Gu, Gen Li, Qiuying Wang, Peng Liang, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Xia Huang

期刊论文

以土体应力状态计算边坡安全系数的方法

王国体

期刊论文

Lingguizhugan Decoction, a Chinese herbal formula, improves insulin resistance in overweight/obese subjects

期刊论文

Iteration framework for solving mixed lubrication computation problems

期刊论文

水电站叠梁门多层取水下泄水温公式

高学平,陈弘,宋慧芳

期刊论文

Comparison in executive function in Chinese preterm and full-term infants at eight months

null

期刊论文

Recovery of NH

Yang ZHANG,Zifu LI,Ibrahim B MAHMOOD

期刊论文

基于转录组学及多尺度生物测定多模态鉴定宣肺败毒方抑制巨噬细胞免疫反应的活性成分

赵璐, 刘豪, 王迎超, 王书芳, 荀得金, 王毅, 程翼宇, 张伯礼

期刊论文

Association of maternal depression with dietary intake, growth, and development of preterm infants: a cohort study in Beijing, China

Han Wang, Hong Zhou, Yan Zhang, Yan Wang, Jing Sun

期刊论文